A Conceptual Framework for Digital-Ethical Literacy and Social Responsibility in Islamic Religious Education in the Generative AI Era

Authors

  • Ridha Aulia Independent Researcher
  • Siti Suryanih Universitas Islam Depok
  • Aproni Stai Bina Muwahhidin
  • Syahrul Arya Fatahuddin UIN Syekh Wasil Kediri
  • Jupri UIN Syekh Wasil Kediri

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61255/decoding.v4i2.1551

Keywords:

AI literacy, Digital citizenship, Digital ethics, Generative AI, Islamic religious education

Abstract

Purpose – This study develops a conceptual framework of digital-ethical literacy and social responsibility for responsible Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) use in Islamic Religious Education by integrating AI literacy, digital pedagogy, Islamic ethics, and digital citizenship.
Methods – A conceptual literature review was conducted using a purposive corpus of 110 sources selected for thematic relevance, conceptual contribution, and argumentative strength. The literature was analyzed through thematic-conceptual synthesis to identify recurring constructs and relationships.
Findings – The synthesis produced four progressive operational components: AI awareness, critical verification, ethical academic use, and socially responsible digital participation. Islamic moral orientation functions as a cross-cutting normative dimension guiding all components through amanah, tabayyun, adab, ‘adl, responsibility, and maslahah. The framework is progressive but non-rigid and context-sensitive, emphasizing educator guidance, authoritative sources, prior learner knowledge, institutional policy, and topic sensitivity.
Research implications – The framework provides a basis for curriculum design, educator guidance, assessment development, institutional policy, and future empirical validation.
Originality – The study offers an integrated mechanism linking technological understanding, epistemic verification, academic integrity, Islamic moral judgment, and digital social responsibility in one context-sensitive model.

Abstract views: 22 , PDF downloads: 3

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

H. Zhang, I. Lee, S. Ali, D. DiPaola, Y. Cheng, and C. Breazeal, “Integrating Ethics and Career Futures with Technical Learning to Promote AI Literacy for Middle School Students: An Exploratory Study,” International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 290–324, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1007/s40593-022-00293-3.

A. E. Sousa and P. Cardoso, “Use of Generative AI by Higher Education Students,” Electronics, vol. 14, no. 7, p. 1258, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.3390/electronics14071258.

M. Giannakos et al., “The promise and challenges of generative AI in education,” Behaviour & Information Technology, vol. 44, no. 11, pp. 2518–2544, Jul. 2025, doi: 10.1080/0144929X.2024.2394886.

W. Strielkowski, V. Grebennikova, A. Lisovskiy, G. Rakhimova, and T. Vasileva, “AI-driven adaptive learning for sustainable educational transformation,” Sustainable Development, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 1921–1947, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.1002/sd.3221.

M. Roshanaei, H. Olivares, and R. R. Lopez, “Harnessing AI to Foster Equity in Education: Opportunities, Challenges, and Emerging Strategies,” JILSA, vol. 15, no. 04, pp. 123–143, 2023, doi: 10.4236/jilsa.2023.154009.

R. Daher, “Integrating AI literacy into teacher education: a critical perspective paper,” Discov Artif Intell, vol. 5, no. 1, p. 217, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.1007/s44163-025-00475-7.

C. K. Y. Chan and W. Hu, “Students’ voices on generative AI: perceptions, benefits, and challenges in higher education,” Int J Educ Technol High Educ, vol. 20, no. 1, p. 43, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.1186/s41239-023-00411-8.

T. D. Pham et al., “The impact of generative AI on health professional education: A systematic review in the context of student learning,” Medical Education, vol. 59, no. 12, pp. 1280–1289, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.1111/medu.15746.

R. Aulia, A. Prastowo, F. Fathunnajih, and D. A. Saputri, “Implementing moral education through al-ghazali’s perspective in islamic studies: a case study at elementary school in yogyakarta,” Lentera Pendidikan : Jurnal Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 243–259, Jun. 2024, doi: 10.24252/lp.2024v27n1i15.

E. Sugianto et al., Dasar-Dasar Pendidikan: Konsep, Tujuan, dan Implementasi. PT. Nawala Gama Education, 2025.

C. Papakostas, “Artificial Intelligence in Religious Education: Ethical, Pedagogical, and Theological Perspectives,” Religions, vol. 16, no. 5, p. 563, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.3390/rel16050563.

S. Mighfar, Moh. Hafid, and I. Qotrinnada, “Etika dan Risiko Kecerdasan Artifisial Generatif: Implikasi dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Masyarakat Digital,” Edupedia, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 275–294, Jan. 2026, doi: 10.35316/edupedia.v10i2.7588.

J. C. G. Corpuz, “Faith and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Catholic Education: A Theological Virtue Ethics Perspective,” Religions, vol. 16, no. 8, p. 1083, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.3390/rel16081083.

W. Holmes et al., “Ethics of AI in Education: Towards a Community-Wide Framework,” International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 504–526, Sep. 2022, doi: 10.1007/s40593-021-00239-1.

S. Y. Tadimalla and M. L. Maher, “AI literacy as a core component of AI education,” AI Magazine, vol. 46, no. 2, p. e70007, Jun. 2025, doi: 10.1002/aaai.70007.

G. Biagini, “Towards an AI-Literate Future: A Systematic Literature Review Exploring Education, Ethics, and Applications,” International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 2616–2666, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.1007/s40593-025-00466-w.

D. T. K. Ng, W. Wu, J. K. L. Leung, T. K. F. Chiu, and S. K. W. Chu, “Design and validation of the AI literacy questionnaire: The affective, behavioural, cognitive and ethical approach,” Brit J Educational Tech, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 1082–1104, May 2024, doi: 10.1111/bjet.13411.

L. K. Allen and P. Kendeou, “ED-AI Lit: An Interdisciplinary Framework for AI Literacy in Education,” Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 3–10, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.1177/23727322231220339.

A. Cox, “Algorithmic Literacy, AI Literacy and Responsible Generative AI Literacy,” Journal of Web Librarianship, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 93–110, Jul. 2024, doi: 10.1080/19322909.2024.2395341.

H. Chee, S. Ahn, and J. Lee, “A Competency Framework for AI Literacy: Variations by Different Learner Groups and an Implied Learning Pathway,” Brit J Educational Tech, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 2146–2182, Sep. 2025, doi: 10.1111/bjet.13556.

R. Annapureddy, A. Fornaroli, and D. Gatica-Perez, “Generative AI Literacy: Twelve Defining Competencies,” Digit. Gov.: Res. Pract., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–21, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.1145/3685680.

E. Wulandari, W. Winarno, and T. Triyanto, “Digital Citizenship Education: Shaping Digital Ethics in Society 5.0,” ujer, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 948–956, May 2021, doi: 10.13189/ujer.2021.090507.

H. A. Althibyani and A. M. Al-Zahrani, “Investigating the Effect of Students’ Knowledge, Beliefs, and Digital Citizenship Skills on the Prevention of Cybercrime,” Sustainability, vol. 15, no. 15, p. 11512, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.3390/su151511512.

M. G. B. Ibtisam, F. A. Bahrudin, and A. D. Untari, “Strengthening Citizenship Skills in the Context of Digital Citizenship (A Descriptive Study of TikTok Social Media User Students at FKIP Untirta),” JRIP, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 56–63, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.56495/jrip.v5i1.816.

W. H. Prasetiyo, N. B. M. Naidu, B. P. Tan, and B. Sumardjoko, “Digital citizenship trend in educational sphere: A systematic review,” IJERE, vol. 10, no. 4, p. 1192, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.11591/ijere.v10i4.21767.

S. S. Jabeen and F. Ahmad, “Digital Citizenship: Effective Use of Digital Media,” presented at the 13th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies, Online Conference, Jul. 2021, pp. 6041–6048. doi: 10.21125/edulearn.2021.1220.

N. B. Mahadir Naidu and M. F. F. Alias, “Kewarganegaraan digital sebagai suatu konstruk kontekstual: kerangka nasional dan prinsip sejagat [Digital citizenship as a contextual construct: national frameworks and universal principles],” Muallim Journal of Social Science and Humanities, p. 16, May 2026, doi: 10.33306/mjssh/408.

A. Achruh, M. Rapi, M. Rusdi, and R. Idris, “Challenges and Opportunities of Artificial Intelligence Adoption in Islamic Education in Indonesian Higher Education Institutions,” IJLTER, vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 423–443, Nov. 2024, doi: 10.26803/ijlter.23.11.22.

Fouad Larhzizer et al., “Artificial intelligence in islamic education: Ethics and its implications for islamic education,” Amorti: Jurnal Studi Islam Interdisipliner, pp. 161–168, Oct. 2025, doi: 10.59944/amorti.v4i4.490.

R. U. N. Ajizah, Z. Su’aidi, and M. Huda, “Artificial Intelligence in Islamic Studies and Academic Ethics: Perspectives on Development and Implementation Based on Islamic Values,” tarbawi, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 147–168, Jun. 2025, doi: 10.55380/tarbawi.v6i1.985.

Muhammad Haizul Falah and Durorin Nuha Achfama, “Ethical Artificial Intelligence in Education: Aligning Technological Innovation with Islamic Principles,” Aliansi, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 88–107, Jan. 2026, doi: 10.62383/aliansi.v3i1.1539.

Z. Arifin Ahmad, “The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Pedagogical Methods in Modern Islamic Education,” Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences, vol. 52, no. 6, 2025, doi: 10.55463/issn.1674-2974.52.6.9.

H. B. M. B. R. Al-Shamsi, “AI Ethics and Islamic Education: The UAE’s Experiment in Developing Artificial-Intelligence-Enhanced Qur’an Learning,” Bestari, vol. 22, no. 2, p. 81, Jan. 2026, doi: 10.36667/bestari.v22i2.1708.

S. E. Priyatna and A. C. Maseri, “Penerapan AI dan Machine Learning dalam Pendidikan Islam: Tantangan Etika dan Pendekatan Integratif Berbasis Maqāṣid Al-Syarī‘ah,” T, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 119–136, Jun. 2025, doi: 10.55187/tarjpi.v10i1.6236.

M. Farhan, M. Ali, and H. Hafidz, “Transformation of Islamic Education in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: An Ethical Review of the Use of Technology in the Curriculum,” EDUSOSHUM, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 302–313, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.52366/edusoshum.v6i1.292.

K. Bittle and O. El-Gayar, “Generative AI and Academic Integrity in Higher Education: A Systematic Review and Research Agenda,” Information, vol. 16, no. 4, p. 296, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.3390/info16040296.

J. Zhang, W. Song, and Y. Liu, “Cognitive bias in generative AI influences religious education,” Sci Rep, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 15720, May 2025, doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-99121-6.

Kasiono, Muhammad Amri, and Indo Santalia, “Islam Ditinjau dari Berbagai Aspeknya,” JIPSI, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 533–548, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.58540/jipsi.v1i4.134.

M. Ridwan, M. H. Umar, and A. Ghafar, “SUMBER-SUMBER HUKUM ISLAM DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA: kajian deskriptif kualitatif tentang al-qur’an, sunnah, dan ijma’,” Borneo, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 28–41, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.37567/borneo.v1i2.404.

M. Afzainizam and M. F. Rahman, “Constructing Digital Religious Agency: Generative AI Literacy and Islamic Learning within the Merdeka Curriculum Framework,” ATJPI, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 16–32, Feb. 2026, doi: 10.24042/atjpi.v17i1.30279.

F. Hakim, N. Syam, M. Ch, and A. M. Ibrahim, “Intelligence in Islamic Education: Knowledge Integration or Ethical Alienation,” JAQ, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 111–127, Apr. 2026, doi: 10.54069/attaqwa.v22i1.1149.

M. Zed, Metode Penelitian Kepustakaan. Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia, 2014.

E. Jaakkola, “Designing conceptual articles: four approaches,” AMS Rev, vol. 10, no. 1–2, pp. 18–26, Jun. 2020, doi: 10.1007/s13162-020-00161-0.

H. Snyder, “Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines,” Journal of Business Research, vol. 104, pp. 333–339, Nov. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039.

K. Koskela-Huotari, “How to craft a compelling storyline for a conceptual paper,” AMS Rev, vol. 14, no. 3–4, pp. 174–181, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.1007/s13162-024-00292-8.

L. D. Hollebeek, R. K. Srivastava, M. K. Clark, S. Urbonavicius, and W. M. Lim, “Crafting conceptual proposition‐based contributions: The 7C framework,” Psychology and Marketing, vol. 41, no. 10, pp. 2396–2411, Oct. 2024, doi: 10.1002/mar.22055.

S. W. Chong, “Synthesis Methods and Reporting Tool (SMART) for Research Syntheses in Applied Linguistics,” Research Synthesis in Applied Linguistics, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 17–38, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.1080/29984475.2025.2456880.

L. Meakin, “Exploring the Impact of Generative Artificial Intelligence on Higher Education Students’ Utilization of Library Resources: A Critical Examination,” ITAL, vol. 43, no. 3, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.5860/ital.v43i3.17246.

U. Mittal, S. Sai, V. Chamola, and D. Sangwan, “A Comprehensive Review on Generative AI for Education,” IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 142733–142759, 2024, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3468368.

N. Cong‐Lem, C. N. Van Bui, N. P. N. Nguyen, and M. Q. Huynh, “Bridging or Breaking? A Systematic Review of How Generative AI Shapes Equity in Foreign Language Education,” Int J App Linguistics, p. ijal.70052, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.1111/ijal.70052.

R. Aulia, R. B. Fernandez, G. Yuliana, L. Aribah, and L. Watia, “Transformasi Profesionalisme Guru di Era Disrupsi: Tinjauan Kritis terhadap Kebijakan Pendidikan Digital,” Civic-Edutech, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 01–12, May 2026, doi: 10.63461/civic-edutech.v21.322.

L. Yan, S. Greiff, Z. Teuber, and D. Gašević, “Promises and challenges of generative artificial intelligence for human learning,” Nat Hum Behav, vol. 8, no. 10, pp. 1839–1850, Oct. 2024, doi: 10.1038/s41562-024-02004-5.

C. Zhai, S. Wibowo, and L. D. Li, “The effects of over-reliance on AI dialogue systems on students’ cognitive abilities: a systematic review,” Smart Learn. Environ., vol. 11, no. 1, p. 28, Jun. 2024, doi: 10.1186/s40561-024-00316-7.

S. S. Lee and R. L. Moore, “Harnessing Generative AI (GenAI) for Automated Feedback in Higher Education: A Systematic Review,” OLJ, vol. 28, no. 3, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.24059/olj.v28i3.4593.

M. L. Hakim, R. Aulia, A. Musaddad, S. K. Putra, and W. Siregar, “Application of Humanistic Learning Theory in Islamic Religious Education Subjects at SMK 1 Sleman,” NJPPI, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 99–116, Jul. 2025, doi: 10.23971/njppi.v9i1.10394.

R. Aulia, R. R. Putri, A. Musaddad, Z. Efendi, and L. K. Jaelani, “Anecdotes as an Instrument of Islamic Religious Education Assessment of Affective Abilities of State Elementary,” edureligia, vol. 9, no. 1, Jun. 2025, doi: 10.33650/edureligia.v9i1.10768.

C. Zhou, “From initial trust to critical reconstruction: upper secondary students’ engagement with generative AI in science learning,” Front. Psychol., vol. 17, p. 1830646, May 2026, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1830646.

T. N. Ngo and D. Hastie, “Artificial Intelligence for Academic Purposes (AIAP): Integrating AI literacy into an EAP module,” English for Specific Purposes, vol. 77, pp. 20–38, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.esp.2024.09.001.

M. Usher and M. Barak, “Unpacking the role of AI ethics online education for science and engineering students,” IJ STEM Ed, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 35, Aug. 2024, doi: 10.1186/s40594-024-00493-4.

R. Ortega-Bolaños, J. Bernal-Salcedo, M. Germán Ortiz, J. Galeano Sarmiento, G. A. Ruz, and R. Tabares-Soto, “Applying the ethics of AI: a systematic review of tools for developing and assessing AI-based systems,” Artif Intell Rev, vol. 57, no. 5, p. 110, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.1007/s10462-024-10740-3.

F. Khasani, “From Knowledge Transfer to Wisdom Cultivation: Reorienting Islamic Education in the Age of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Post-Truth,” J. Mod. Islam. Stud. Civiliz., vol. 4, no. 01, pp. 79–91, Feb. 2026, doi: 10.59653/jmisc.v4i01.2205.

R. Susanti, F. Nurdiansyah, C. Charles, and Y. Gucandra, “Digitalizing the Quran and Hadith: Epistemological Reconstruction and Challenges of Religious Authority in the Digital Age,” El-Rusyd, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 349–359, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.58485/elrusyd.v10i2.485.

Hamka Al Hakim and Muhammad Joko Susilo, “Pemanfaatan Media Digital dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Literasi Digital Siswa: Kajian Literatur,” mdr, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 161–172, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.23971/mdr.v9i1.11188.

D. H. A. Putra and H. I. Ayyaisy, “Optimizing Digital Technology in Progressive Islamic Education to Enhance Public Literacy and Combat Hoaxes,” mier, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 63–74, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.23917/mier.v3i1.9915.

J. O. Väätäjä and H. Ruokamo, “Conceptualizing dimensions and a model for digital pedagogy,” Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology, vol. 15, p. 1834490921995395, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.1177/1834490921995395.

S. Santoveña-Casal and S. R. López, “Mapping of digital pedagogies in higher education,” Educ Inf Technol, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 2437–2458, Feb. 2024, doi: 10.1007/s10639-023-11888-1.

O. I. Nwoyibe, “Deploying AI technology for effective teaching and learning: The need to always verify information gathered from generative AI tools,” CaJoST, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 22–29, May 2025, doi: 10.4314/cajost.v7i1.3.

G. Cooper, “Examining Science Education in ChatGPT: An Exploratory Study of Generative Artificial Intelligence,” J Sci Educ Technol, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 444–452, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1007/s10956-023-10039-y.

P. Riser, “Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the high school English classroom and its effect on students’ identity and teachers’ practice,” English in Education, vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 176–192, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.1080/04250494.2025.2491361.

D. A. Hesti, G. Ozora, V. M. Silalahi, Y. Hanoselina, and R. F. Helmi, “Pemberdayaan Siswa dan Siswi dalam Pemanfaatan Kecerdasan Buatan (AI) Secara Etis dan Produktif di Lingkungan Sekolah,” Sosial, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 163–178, May 2025, doi: 10.62383/sosial.v2i2.1588.

L. B. Mirnawati and A. Rosadi, “Teacher Ethics in Coding and Artificial Intelligence (AI) Learning in Primary and Secondary Education,” J. Educ. Technol., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 533–542, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.23887/jet.v9i3.98752.

M. H. Aulia, E. Sumarna, C. Surahman, and A. A. Syahad, “The Concept of Useful Knowledge in Hadith and its Implications for Contemporary Islamic Education,” Waraqat, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 45–61, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.51590/waraqat.v9i2.953.

M. F. A. Nasir and M. Arif, “Sumbangan Studi Al-Qur’an Bagi Keilmuan Islam Dan Pendidikan,” bashair, pp. 1–8, Jun. 2021, doi: 10.47498/bashair.v1i1.545.

A. R. Ritonga, A. M. Purba, and Z. A. Rangkuti, “Knowledge as Trust (Amanah): An Islamic Theological Perspective on Information Accessibility,” pharosjot, no. 106.5, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.46222/pharosjot.106.528.

W. M. K. F. Wan Khairuldin, W. N. I. Wan Nor Anas, and A. H. Embong, “Constructing the Muslim Scholar’s Ethos: A Framework of Academic Integrity Based on the Islamic Intellectual Tradition,” SHAJARAH, vol. 30, no. 02, pp. 477–504, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.31436/shajarah.v30i02.2235.

A. Dabis and C. Csáki, “AI and ethics: Investigating the first policy responses of higher education institutions to the challenge of generative AI,” Humanit Soc Sci Commun, vol. 11, no. 1, p. 1006, Aug. 2024, doi: 10.1057/s41599-024-03526-z.

P. D. N. Ncube, G. P. Dzvapatsva, C. Matobobo, and M. M. Ranga, “Redefining student assessment in AI-infused learning environments: a systematic review of challenges and strategies for academic integrity,” AI Ethics, vol. 6, no. 1, p. 68, Feb. 2026, doi: 10.1007/s43681-025-00871-w.

T. Hagendorff, “Mapping the Ethics of Generative AI: A Comprehensive Scoping Review,” Minds & Machines, vol. 34, no. 4, p. 39, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.1007/s11023-024-09694-w.

R. Katsenou, K. Kotsidis, A. Papadopoulou, P. Anastasiadis, and I. Deliyannis, “Beyond Assistance: Embracing AI as a Collaborative Co-Agent in Education,” Education Sciences, vol. 15, no. 8, p. 1006, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.3390/educsci15081006.

A. T. Zidni, A. H. Syaichu, and A. N. Putranto, “Rekonstruksi Filosofi Pendidikan Islam di Era Kecerdasan Artifisial: Analisis Pendekatan Sistem Maqāṣid Al-Sharī’ah Jasser Auda,” J. Indones. Kaji. Pendidik. Islam, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 48–60, Feb. 2026, doi: 10.64420/jikpi.v2i1.472.

A. Mimoudi, “Generative AI to bridge the educational divide: Personalized learning and challenges,” Social Sciences & Humanities Open, vol. 12, p. 102140, 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102140.

N. J. Francis, S. Jones, and D. P. Smith, “Generative AI in Higher Education: Balancing Innovation and Integrity,” Br J Biomed Sci, vol. 81, p. 14048, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.3389/bjbs.2024.14048.

I. M. García-López and L. Trujillo-Liñán, “Ethical and regulatory challenges of Generative AI in education: a systematic review,” Front. Educ., vol. 10, p. 1565938, Jun. 2025, doi: 10.3389/feduc.2025.1565938.

Z. N. Khlaif, R. Alshakhshir, B. Hamamra, and A. Joma, “Assistive generative AI for visually impaired learners: Personalization and inclusion in higher education,” International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, vol. 36, no. 1–2, p. 100008, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.1016/j.ijaied.2026.100008.

C. Coman et al., “Navigating opportunities and challenges of generative AI in higher education: towards responsible, equitable, and human-centered integration,” Front. Artif. Intell., vol. 9, p. 1750978, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.3389/frai.2026.1750978.

M. W. B. H. M. Yahya, M. Rahmat, Parihat, G. Munawar, and E. Firdaus, “Artificial Intelligence in Islamic Education: Strengthening Religious Tolerance or Reproducing New Socio-Legal Risks?,” PJKIHdS, vol. 11, no. 1, Jan. 2026, doi: 10.22373/petita.v11i1.1184.

A. S. Hamidalloh, A. Y. Thobroni, and M. Suyudi, “ChatGPT as an Algorithmic Epistemic Mediator in Contextual Islamic Religious Education and Religious Moderation,” jigm, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 46–61, Jun. 2026, doi: 10.69548/jigm.v5i1.116.

E. Juliyanti, I. Iskandar, L. Rahmi, and F. Zohra, “A Literature Review on Reconstructing Islamic Educational Philosophy in the Digital Age: Between Classical Wisdom and AI Ethics,” DIAJAR Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 193–203, 2026, doi: 10.54259/diajar.v5i1.6781.

A. Mustapha, Z. Senik, and S. Che Haron, “An Overview of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Issues from the Perspective of Islamic Jurisprudence,” RIS, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 95–114, Jun. 2025, doi: 10.22452/ris.vol12no1.6.

M. Wais Al Qarni and Miswar, “The Contribution Of Civic Education Teachers In Preventing Moral Decline Among Students At Stabat State Vocational High School 1 In The Digital Age,” IJGIE, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 399–417, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.37567/ijgie.v6i2.4120.

Y. Jin, L. Yan, V. Echeverria, D. Gašević, and R. Martinez-Maldonado, “Generative AI in Higher Education: A Global Perspective of Institutional Adoption Policies and Guidelines,” 2024, arXiv. doi: 10.48550/ARXIV.2405.11800.

N. Alenezi and M. Alfaleh, “Enhancing digital citizenship education in Saudi Arabian elementary schools: designing effective activities for curriculum integration,” Front. Educ., vol. 9, p. 1494487, Nov. 2024, doi: 10.3389/feduc.2024.1494487.

R. T. Williams, “The ethical implications of using generative chatbots in higher education,” Front. Educ., vol. 8, p. 1331607, Jan. 2024, doi: 10.3389/feduc.2023.1331607.

Musa and B. A. C. Wulan, “Building Smart and Good Citizens in The Digital Era Through Citizenship Education in Indonesia,” IJSR, vol. 1, no. 01, pp. 20–28, Feb. 2024, doi: 10.62894/4b6bmz42.

R. Cacho, “Integrating Generative AI in University Teaching and Learning: A Model for Balanced Guidelines,” OLJ, vol. 28, no. 3, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.24059/olj.v28i3.4508.

M. S. Georgopoulou, C. Troussas, A. Krouska, and C. Sgouropoulou, “Digital Literacy in Higher Education: Examining University Students’ Competence in Online Information Practices,” Computers, vol. 14, no. 12, p. 528, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.3390/computers14120528.

S. Haroud and N. Saqri, “Generative AI in Higher Education: Teachers’ and Students’ Perspectives on Support, Replacement, and Digital Literacy,” Education Sciences, vol. 15, no. 4, p. 396, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.3390/educsci15040396.

M. Q. Abror and D. Noviani, “The Role of Islamic Education in Building Digital Wellbeing and Social Media Ethics among Muslim Youth,” WSiSS, vol. 3, no. 04, Oct. 2025, doi: 10.58812/wsiss.v3i04.2303.

E. Murniasih, W. Wasehudin, S. Patimah, and R. Pebrina, “Integration of Digital Ethics into Islamic Religious Education: A Case Study at Vocational High School,” Ta’dib, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 411–426, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.31958/jt.v28i2.15404.

D. Ilham and M. Madum, “Application of Technology in Islamic Education Management: Strengthening Digital Ethics as a Strategy for Developing Student Morals in the Social Media Era: Penerapan Teknologi dalam Manajemen Pendidikan Islam: Penguatan Etika Digital sebagai Strategi Pembinaan Akhlak Siswa di Era Media Sosial,” MAPENDIS, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 27–35, Jul. 2025, doi: 10.37758/mapendis.33i1.369.

I. Setiawan, Fadloli, A. Chalim, and A. R. Amalia, “Building Digital Ethics in the Perspective of Islamic Religious Education,” jrie, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 245–255, Jun. 2025, doi: 10.25217/jrie.v7i1.5929.

A. O. (Olnancy) Tzirides et al., “Combining human and artificial intelligence for enhanced AI literacy in higher education,” Computers and Education Open, vol. 6, p. 100184, Jun. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.caeo.2024.100184.

C. Rapanta et al., “Critical GenAI Literacy: Postdigital Configurations,” Postdigit Sci Educ, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 1296–1333, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.1007/s42438-025-00573-w.

J. Z. Ahmad Taha, S. Z. Sulaiman, and M. T. Ajmain, “The Use of Artificial Intelligence (ChatGPT) in Islamic Education: An Analysis of Challenges, Opportunities, and Ethical Considerations Based on Maqasid Shariah,” RISE, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 35–46, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.70148/rise.v2i3.3.

Resti Yulastri, Putri Ramadhon, and Defriani Defriani, “Integrasi Literasi Digital Islami dalam Pembelajaran PAI untuk Mencegah Dampak Negatif Media Sosial pada Generasi Z,” jbpai, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 178–190, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.61132/jbpai.v3i6.1657.

D. Dahliana and A. Almuhajir, “Adaptive Islamic Student Management for Generation Z: Integrating Modern Educational Theories and Islamic Values,” juhu, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1032–1039, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.56806/jh.v6i2.298.

R. C. Simms, “Generative artificial intelligence (AI) literacy in nursing education: A crucial call to action,” Nurse Education Today, vol. 146, p. 106544, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106544.

M. Muksin and A. Afandi, “Digital Ethics in Islamic Religious Education: Systematic Literature Review,” Maharot, vol. 9, no. 2, p. 133, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.28944/maharot.v9i2.2225.

I.-E. Cădariu and L.-I. Vîșcu, “Beyond Skills: Rethinking Digital Citizenship in Higher Education,” JPE, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 89–99, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.24250/jpe/2/2025/IEC/LIV/.

E. Abulibdeh, F. Trayek, R. Yacoub, T. B. T. Ahmad, and A. Al Mahdawi, “Digital Citizenship Among Undergraduate Students in Serbia: Ethical Practices and Gender Differences,” in 2025 International Conference on Intelligent Digitization of Systems and Services (IDSS), Valencia, Spain: IEEE, Aug. 2025, pp. 107–112. doi: 10.1109/IDSS67199.2025.11398276.

Downloads

Published

2026-07-03

How to Cite

Ridha Aulia, Siti Suryanih, Aproni, Syahrul Arya Fatahuddin, & Jupri. (2026). A Conceptual Framework for Digital-Ethical Literacy and Social Responsibility in Islamic Religious Education in the Generative AI Era. Journal of Deep Learning, Computer Vision and Digital Image Processing, 4(2), 309–323. https://doi.org/10.61255/decoding.v4i2.1551

Issue

Section

Articles