Development of Gamification-Based E-Learning Media in a Blended Learning Model to Enhance High School Students’ Motivation in Learning Probability

Karindha Feka Ayu; Muhammad Nurwahidin; Dina Martha Fitri; Dwi Yulianti

doi:10.61255/itej.v4i2.957

Authors

Karindha Feka Ayu Universitas Lampung
Muhammad Nurwahidin Universitas Negeri Lampung
Dina Martha Fitri Universitas Negeri Lampung
Dwi Yulianti Universitas Negeri Lampung

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61255/itej.v4i2.957

Keywords:

Blended learning, E-learning media, Gamification, Learning motivation, Probability learning

Abstract

This study aims to develop gamification-based e-learning media within a blended learning model and examine whether it is associated with higher high school students' motivation to learn probability compared to conventional instruction. Despite the documented potential of digital learning technologies, a critical gap remains regarding how structured gamification combined with blended delivery can address persistently low motivation in probability learning, a topic widely perceived as abstract by students. Using the ADDIE development model and a quasi-experimental, posttest-only design (n = 36 per group), this study compared the post-intervention motivation scores of students learning through gamified interactive videos on Google Classroom versus those taught through conventional lecture methods. Data were collected using a validated Likert-scale motivation questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha = 0.87) and analyzed using an independent samples t-test. The experimental group achieved a significantly higher mean motivation score (M = 84.02, SD = 5.62) compared to the control group (M = 74.68, SD = 6.25), with t(70) = 6.67, p < 0.001, and a large effect size (Cohen's d = 1.57). These findings indicate that the gamified blended learning group demonstrated significantly higher post-intervention motivation than the conventional group, suggesting that integrating gamification elements including points, badges, leaderboards, and immediate feedback within a blended learning approach is associated with higher student motivation in probability learning. The novelty of this study lies in the systematic development and empirical validation of a gamified blended learning environment tailored specifically for probability topics at the senior high school level.

Abstract views: 0 ,

PDF downloads: 3

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Adzmi, N. A., Bidin, S., Selvaraj, B., & Saad, S. (2024). The role of gamification in enhancing engagement and motivation in language learning. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 8(9), 2402-2411. https://doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2024.8090197

Biantoro, B., Waloyo, A. A., & Masduki, M. (2024). Implementing blended learning and gamification to develop learners' speaking skills in an English-speaking club. Journal of Community Service and Empowerment, 5(3), 559-569. https://doi.org/10.22219/jcse.v5i3.32559

Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research. Rand McNally.

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Deterding, S., Dixon, D., Khaled, R., & Nacke, L. (2011). From game design elements to gamefulness: Defining gamification. In Proceedings of the 15th International Academic MindTrek Conference (pp. 9-15). ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/2181037.2181040

Dick, W., Carey, L., & Carey, J. O. (2015). The systematic design of instruction (8th ed.). Pearson.

Dominguez, A., Saenz-de-Navarrete, J., de-Marcos, L., Fernandez-Sanz, L., Pages, C., & Martinez-Herraiz, J. J. (2013). Gamifying learning experiences: Practical implications and outcomes. Computers & Education, 63, 380-392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2012.12.020

George, D., & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference (4th ed.). Allyn & Bacon.

Gonowon, R. R. (2024). Exploring student engagement in a blended and gamified statistics and probability: Designed with learning styles and player types. Sinaya: A Philippine Journal for Senior High School Teachers and Students, 3(4), Article 5. https://doi.org/10.59588/3027-9283.1132

Hamari, J., Koivisto, J., & Sarsa, H. (2014). Does gamification work? A literature review of empirical studies on gamification. In Proceedings of the 47th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (pp. 3025-3034). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2014.377

Hanus, M. D., & Fox, J. (2015). Assessing the effects of gamification in the classroom: A longitudinal study on intrinsic motivation, social comparison, satisfaction, effort, and academic performance. Computers & Education, 80, 152-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.08.019

Kapp, K. M. (2012). The gamification of learning and instruction: Game-based methods and strategies for training and education. Pfeiffer.

Lampropoulos, G., & Sidiropoulos, A. (2024). Impact of gamification on students' learning outcomes and academic performance: A longitudinal study comparing online, traditional, and gamified learning. Education Sciences, 14(4), Article 367. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14040367

Landers, R. N. (2014). Developing a theory of gamified learning: Linking serious games and gamification of learning. Simulation & Gaming, 45(6), 752-768. https://doi.org/10.1177/1046878114563660

Lanuza, M. H., Mendoza, R. V., Bayan, R. J. R., Elipane, L., Dimaculangan, K. A. C., & Hilario, F. F. (2020). A gamification technique through the method of a lesson study in teaching probability. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 9(4), 3734-3740.

Magat, R. B. (2023). Gamification of statistics and probability education: A mobile courseware approach. Journal of Information Technology Education: Innovations in Practice, 22, 159-177. https://doi.org/10.28945/5179

Malabayabas, M. E., Yazon, A. D., Tessoro, J. F. B., Manaig, K. A., & Sapin, S. B. (2024). Effectiveness of Mathematics-Gamified Applications for Learners Interactive Numeracy Growth (Math-GALING) in enhancing the academic performance of Grade 11 learners. Advanced Journal of STEM Education, 2(1), 31-42. https://doi.org/10.31098/ajosed.v2i1.2324

Mekler, E. D., Bruhlmann, F., Tuch, A. N., & Opwis, K. (2017). Towards understanding the effects of individual gamification elements on intrinsic motivation and performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 71, 525-534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.08.048

Plass, J. L., Homer, B. D., & Kinzer, C. K. (2015). Foundations of game-based learning. Educational Psychologist, 50(4), 258-283. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2015.1122533

Prensky, M. (2001). Digital game-based learning. McGraw-Hill.

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68

Sailer, M., & Homner, L. (2020). The gamification of learning: A meta-analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 32(1), 77-112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-019-09498-w

Sal-de-Rellan, A., Hernandez-Suarez, A., & Hernaiz-Sanchez, A. (2025). Gamification and motivation in adolescents: Systematic review from physical education. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, Article 1575104. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1575104

Sofroniou, A., Oguntola, O., & Premnath, B. (2025). Efficacy of gamification in mathematics education: A meta-analysis of its effects on student engagement and achievement. Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, 38(6), 74-91. https://doi.org/10.9734/jesbs/2025/v38i61442

Thaheem, M., Noor, F., & Ahmad, Z. (2021). The effect of blended learning on mathematics achievement and student attitudes in secondary school. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 16(5), 4-20. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v16i05.18761

Tokac, U., Novak, E., & Thompson, S. F. (2019). Effects of game-based learning on students' mathematics achievement: A meta-analysis. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 35(3), 407-420. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12347

Zichermann, G., & Cunningham, C. (2011). Gamification by design: Implementing game mechanics in web and mobile apps. O'Reilly Media.