Institutional Role Overload and TOEIC Instruction in Aviation Training: A Qualitative Case Study at API Banyuwangi

Hendra Sudarso; Daniel Dewantoro Rumani; Safitri Era Globalisasi; Putu Ngurah Rusmawan; Haris Dibdyaningsih

doi:10.61255/jupiter.v4i4.1448

Authors

Hendra Sudarso Akademi Penerbang Indonesia
Daniel Dewantoro Rumani Akademi Penerbang Indonesia
Safitri Era Globalisasi Akademi Penerbang Indonesia
Putu Ngurah Rusmawan Politeknik Negeri Banyuwangi
Haris Dibdyaningsih STKIP Al Hikmah Surabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61255/jupiter.v4i4.1448

Keywords:

Aviation ESP, Role Conflict, Multi-tasking Instructors, Pedagogical Dilemma, TOEIC

Abstract

Purpose: This study explores how instructors at Akademi Penerbang Indonesia (API) Banyuwangi perceive and manage institutional role overload while delivering TOEIC preparation alongside technical and administrative duties. Methods: A qualitative case study involved six dual-role instructors. Data comprised semi-structured interviews and non-participant classroom observations of eight TOEIC sessions over four weeks and were analyzed thematically. Findings: Five connected themes were identified: role accumulation, instructional deprioritization, survivalist pedagogy, cognitive depletion, and professional identity ambiguity. Across the interview and observation data, dual-role demands were associated with reactive planning, test-focused lessons, shorter feedback, and uncertainty about language-teacher identity. These findings describe perceived and observed constraints rather than causal effects. Research Implications: The case supports consideration of protected instructional time, workload redistribution, formal ESP development, and stronger institutional recognition of TOEIC teaching. Implications for operational communication or aviation safety remain prospective because student proficiency and safety outcomes were not measured. Originality: The study applies role theory to the organization of ESP teaching in a vocational aviation institution and shows how dual-role arrangements appear to shape pedagogical choices. The single-site findings are analytically transferable but are not intended for statistical generalization.

Abstract views: 35 ,

PDF downloads: 14

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Barkhuizen, G. (Ed.). (2017). Reflections on language teacher identity research. Routledge.

Belcher, D. D. (2006). English for specific purposes: Teaching to perceived needs and imagined futures in worlds of work, study, and everyday life. TESOL Quarterly, 40(1), 133–156. https://doi.org/10.2307/40264514

Borg, S. (2006). Teacher cognition and language education: Research and practice. Continuum.

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Brinkmann, S., & Kvale, S. (2015). InterViews: Learning the craft of qualitative research interviewing (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.

Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (Eds.). (2018). The SAGE handbook of qualitative research (5th ed.). SAGE Publications.

Demirdöken, G. (2021). The constructivist approach towards identifying the challenges of ESP teachers: The case of Aviation English. International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace, 8(2), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.15394/ijaaa.2021.1571

Dudley-Evans, T., & St. John, M. J. (1998). Developments in English for specific purposes: A multi-disciplinary approach. Cambridge University Press.

Educational Testing Service. (n.d.). About the TOEIC Listening and Reading test. https://www.ets.org/toeic/about/listening-reading.html

Estival, D., Farris, C., & Molesworth, B. (2016). Aviation English: A lingua franca for pilots and air traffic controllers. Routledge.

International Civil Aviation Organization. (2010). Manual on the implementation of ICAO language proficiency requirements (Doc 9835, 2nd ed.). ICAO.

Kahn, R. L., Wolfe, D. M., Quinn, R. P., Snoek, J. D., & Rosenthal, R. A. (1964). Organizational stress: Studies in role conflict and ambiguity. John Wiley & Sons.

Li, H., Chen, J., Wei, Q., & Chen, H. (2025). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of vocational college teachers towards occupational burnout. Frontiers in Public Health, 13, 1513170. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1513170

Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. SAGE Publications.

Magtalas, S. A., & Eduvala, J. C. (2024). Teacher's workload in relation to burnout and work performance. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 5(10), 4111–4123. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.05.10.24

Mahmood, A. S., Mat Saad, N. S., & Mohd Nur, N. (2023). Teaching English to aircraft maintenance students: Challenges and needs. International Journal of TESOL & Education, 3(1), 112-125. https://doi.org/10.54855/ijte.23317

Mahmood, A. S., Mat Saad, N. S., & Mohd Nur, N. (2025). Taking flight with Aviation English: How are Malaysian teachers preparing the next generation? F1000Research, 14, 1036. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.169220.1

Maslach, C., & Leiter, M. P. (2016). Understanding the burnout experience: Recent research and its implications for psychiatry. World Psychiatry, 15(2), 103–111. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20311

Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2016). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation (4th ed.). Jossey-Bass.

Nation, I. S. P., & Macalister, J. (2010). Language curriculum design. Routledge.

Paltridge, B., & Starfield, S. (Eds.). (2013). The handbook of English for specific purposes. Wiley-Blackwell.

Richards, J. C., & Farrell, T. S. C. (2005). Professional development for language teachers: Strategies for teacher learning. Cambridge University Press.

Rizzo, J. R., House, R. J., & Lirtzman, S. I. (1970). Role conflict and ambiguity in complex organizations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 15(2), 150–163. https://doi.org/10.2307/2391486

Tajima, A. (2004). Fatal miscommunication: English in aviation safety. World Englishes, 23(3), 451–470. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0883-2919.2004.00368.x

Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications: Design and methods (6th ed.). SAGE Publications.