Visual Characteristics of Coloring-Pattern Works among Primary School Students Aged 7–10 Years in Wenang District, Indonesia: Implications for Applied Art Education

Meyer Worang Matey; Jans George Mangare; Ruly Rantung; Ronald Kolibu; Arie Tulus; Ajeng Prasasti

doi:10.61255/jupiter.v4i5.1966

Authors

Meyer Worang Watey Universitas Negeri Manado
Jans George Mangare Universitas Negeri Manado
Ruly Rantung Universitas Negeri Manado
Ronald M.P. Kolibu Universitas Negeri Manado
Arie Tulus Universitas Negeri Manado
Ajeng Prasasti Universitas Negeri Manado

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61255/jupiter.v4i5.1966

Keywords:

Coloring Patterns, Visual Characteristics, Primary Education, Children's Art, Applied Art Education, Visuomotor Development

Abstract

Purpose: This study describes and interprets the visual characteristics of coloring works produced by primary school students aged 7–10 years in Wenang District, Manado City, Indonesia, and examines their implications for applied art education. Methods: A descriptive qualitative design was used. The primary data comprised 369 coloring works produced during a 2025 competition, supported by observation, open interviews, documentation, literature study, source triangulation, and interactive qualitative analysis. Findings: Students aged 7–8 years showed emerging hand control, directed lines, color-object awareness, initial spatial organization, and smooth visual texture, whereas students aged 9–10 years demonstrated greater detail, differentiated and occasionally symbolic color use, improved color placement, and clearer foreground-middle ground-background organization. Research Implications: Structured coloring tasks can function as formative assessment and as age-responsive applied learning for visuomotor practice, visual literacy, scaffolding, and differentiated creative instruction. Originality: The study integrates line, color, texture, form, and spatial organization in pre-drawn coloring works and translates these visual indicators into practical implications for primary applied art education in an Indonesian local context.

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